Acute bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is an infection of the main airways of the lungs that causes a cough. It usually follows a cold and is almost always caused by viruses. Most people feel better within 1 to 2 weeks, although the cough can last up to 3 weeks. Antibiotics are usually not needed.
Symptoms
- Cough, which may bring up clear, yellow or green phlegm
- Sore chest from coughing
- Mild fever
- Runny nose and sore throat
- Tiredness
- Mild wheezing or shortness of breath
Causes
- Viruses, such as those that cause colds and flu
- Less often, bacteria
- Smoking or breathing other smoke
- Dust and air pollution
Prevention
- Wash hands often with soap
- Do not smoke and avoid smoky rooms
- Cover coughs and sneezes
- Get a flu vaccine where available, especially older adults
Treatment
- Rest and drink plenty of warm fluids
- Honey in warm water can ease cough (never for babies under 1 year)
- Paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever and chest soreness
- Avoid smoke while you recover
- Antibiotics usually do not help; a doctor will decide if they are needed
- Do not start antibiotics or other prescription medicines without a doctor
Common questions
Why is my cough still there after two weeks?
After bronchitis the airways stay sensitive for a while, so a cough can last up to 3 weeks. If it lasts longer, or you lose weight or sweat at night, see a doctor to check for tuberculosis or another cause.
Does green phlegm mean I need antibiotics?
Not always. Yellow or green phlegm is common in viral bronchitis too. A doctor decides on antibiotics based on your whole illness, not the colour of the phlegm alone.