Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a long-term condition in which the immune system makes skin cells grow too fast, causing thick, red or dark patches covered with silvery scales. It often affects the elbows, knees, scalp and lower back. Psoriasis is not contagious. It comes and goes over life, and some people also get joint pain; treatment can control it well.
Symptoms
- Raised red or dark patches with thick silvery-white scales
- Itching, burning or soreness
- Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
- Flaking on the scalp, like heavy dandruff
- Pitted, thick or discoloured nails
- Swollen, stiff or painful joints in some people
Causes
- An overactive immune system, often inherited
- Flares triggered by stress, throat infections or skin injury
- Smoking and heavy alcohol use
- Cold, dry weather
- Some medicines, or stopping strong steroid tablets suddenly
Prevention
- Moisturise the skin every day, especially in winter
- Avoid scratching and injuring the skin
- Stop smoking and avoid alcohol
- Manage stress and keep a healthy weight
- Treat sore throats and infections early
Treatment
- Daily moisturisers and scale-softening creams
- Steroid creams or other prescription creams from a doctor
- Medicated shampoos for the scalp
- Controlled light therapy at a specialist centre
- Tablets or injections for severe psoriasis, only under a specialist with blood tests
- Do not take steroid tablets for psoriasis without a doctor
Common questions
Can I catch psoriasis from someone?
No. Psoriasis is not an infection and cannot spread by touch, sharing food or sharing a home.
Will psoriasis go away completely?
It is usually lifelong but comes and goes. Treatment can clear the patches for long periods.