Fatty liver disease

Fatty liver disease is a build-up of extra fat in the liver. It is most often linked to being overweight, diabetes and high cholesterol, and it is becoming more common in Afghanistan. Early on it usually causes no symptoms, but over years it can lead to liver inflammation and scarring (cirrhosis). The good news is that weight loss and a healthy lifestyle can reverse it.

Symptoms

Often no symptoms; usually found on an ultrasound or blood test
Tiredness
Discomfort or a dull ache in the upper right side of the belly
In advanced disease: yellow eyes or skin, a swollen belly or legs, easy bruising

Causes

Being overweight, especially with fat around the waist
Type 2 diabetes
High cholesterol or triglycerides, and high blood pressure
A diet high in sugar, sweet drinks, white bread, white rice and fried food
Little physical activity
Alcohol

Prevention

Keep a healthy weight and waist size
Eat vegetables, lentils, beans and whole grains
Cut down on sugar, sweets, sweet drinks and fried food
Walk or exercise at least 30 minutes on most days
Keep diabetes, blood pressure and cholesterol under control
Avoid alcohol

Treatment

Slow, steady weight loss — losing 7 to 10 percent of body weight can greatly reduce liver fat
Healthy diet and regular exercise
Treating diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure
Regular check-ups and liver blood tests
Testing for hepatitis B and C, and hepatitis B vaccine if needed
Avoid unknown herbal mixtures and unnecessary medicines that can harm the liver; do not start prescription medicines without a doctor

Common questions

Can fatty liver be reversed?

Yes, in most people. Losing weight slowly, eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly can reduce the fat in the liver and stop damage before scarring develops.

Do I need medicine for fatty liver?

Usually the main treatment is lifestyle change. Your doctor may treat related problems such as diabetes or high cholesterol. Avoid buying liver tonics or herbal products without advice.