Tension headache
Tension-type headache is the most common kind of headache. It feels like a tight band or pressure around the head and is often linked to stress, tiredness, poor sleep or tight neck and shoulder muscles. It is not dangerous and usually gets better with rest and simple painkillers.
Symptoms
- Dull, pressing or tight pain on both sides of the head or forehead
- A feeling of a tight band around the head
- Tender neck and shoulder muscles
- Lasts from 30 minutes to several days
- No vomiting, and normal activity does not usually make it worse
Causes
- Stress, worry and family or work pressure
- Lack of sleep and tiredness
- Poor posture, or long hours bent over a phone, screen or sewing
- Skipping meals and not drinking enough water
- Eye strain
- Too much tea, or stopping it suddenly
Prevention
- Sleep at regular times
- Take short breaks to stretch your neck and shoulders, and sit up straight
- Eat regular meals and drink enough water
- Walk or exercise regularly
- Find ways to relax: prayer, breathing exercises, talking with someone you trust
- Have your eyes checked if you strain to read
Treatment
- Rest, a warm compress or gentle massage of the neck and shoulders
- Simple painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen for short periods
- Do not take painkillers on more than 10 to 15 days a month
- If headaches are frequent, a doctor may suggest a daily preventive medicine or counselling for stress
- Do not use strong painkillers or injections without a doctor
Common questions
Is a tension headache caused by high blood pressure?
Usually not. Most people with high blood pressure have no headache at all. Only very high blood pressure causes headache, so the only way to know is to have your blood pressure measured.
Can stress alone cause daily headaches?
Yes. Long-term stress, worry and poor sleep are among the most common causes of frequent tension headaches. Talking to a doctor or counsellor about stress or low mood can help the headaches too.